idw – Informationsdienst Wissenschaft

Nachrichten, Termine, Experten

Grafik: idw-Logo
Science Video Project
idw-Abo

idw-News App:

AppStore

Google Play Store



Instance:
Share on: 
06/05/2018 16:06

Insects supply chitin as a raw material for the textile industry

Dr. Claudia Vorbeck Presse und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit
Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB

    Harmful chemicals are often used in textile processing. That is why the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB is researching harmless biobased alternatives. The Institute is working on utilizing side streams from the animal feed manufacture for the production of chitosan. The biopolymer is supposed to be used as a sizing agent in the processing of yarns or for the functionalization of textiles. Fraunhofer IGB will present its work at the ACHEMA trade fair from June 11 – 15 in Frankfurt am Main.

    Chitin is a major component of insect skins and shells; large quantities of it result from the production of animal feed – ever since the feed industry has increasingly relied on insects as protein suppliers. Insects have the advantage that they reproduce quickly and can be bred cheaply on low-value substrates. This makes them a sustainable source of protein. So far, soya has been used for this purpose, but its cultivation is in direct competition with food production. Insect proteins have already been approved for poultry and pig feed. Since summer 2017, they can also be used as feeding stuff for fish. It is therefore to be expected that the use of insect proteins will become even more important in the future.

    Insects supply feed proteins – the waste product chitin is as a valuable recyclable material

    The feed industry is focused on proteins, but the skins and shells of insects remain as a waste product. If they can also be utilized, this contributes to the sustainability and economic efficiency of the overall feed production. The potential is enormous: in the course of their development, the larvae of the insects shed their skins several times. The remaining molting products consist up to 40 percent of chitin.

    In the joint project “ChitoTex”, the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB is investigating how insect chitin from animal feed production can be processed to supply biobased chemicals for textile processing. “For a long time now, we have been working on the development of processes for the recycling of residual and waste materials and therefore have the necessary expertise,” explains Dr. Susanne Zibek, who heads the research area of industrial biotechnology at the Institute.

    Biopolymer chitosan as a substitute for environmentally harmful fluorocarbons

    At first, the Fraunhofer researchers have developed a purification process to separate chitin from further components of the insect skins such as proteins and minerals. “We are investigating various ways of deacetylating chitin to produce chitosan,” Zibek explains. "With an enzyme screening for example, we search for suitable enzymes for the deacetylation process".

    Due to its ability to form films, chitosan can be used as a sizing agent. This reduces friction in weaving machines and prevents the roughening or breaking of yarns in the weaving process; after that the sizing agent is either washed out again or remains on the yarn. In either case, biobased and natural alternatives to synthetic agents are beneficial for man and environment.

    The second possible application is the functionalization of textiles, i.e. the finishing of textile fabrics with specific properties. “For example, we want to use the functional amino group to link hydrophobic molecules with the chitosan. Water-repellent properties can be achieved when applied to textiles.” Until now, environmentally harmful fluorocarbons are widely used for the hydrophobic finishing of outdoor textiles.

    Presentation at the ACHEMA

    At the ACHEMA from June 11–15, 2018 in Frankfurt am Main, Fraunhofer IGB will be available for further information and discussions at the Fraunhofer joint stand in Hall 9.2, Booth D66.


    More information:

    https://www.igb.fraunhofer.de/en/press-media/press-releases/2018/insects-supply-...


    Images

    After pupae shed their skin, pupal exuviae remain as residual stream.
    After pupae shed their skin, pupal exuviae remain as residual stream.
    Fraunhofer IGB
    None


    Attachment
    attachment icon Download press release

    Criteria of this press release:
    Journalists
    Chemistry, Environment / ecology, Zoology / agricultural and forest sciences
    transregional, national
    Miscellaneous scientific news/publications
    English


     

    After pupae shed their skin, pupal exuviae remain as residual stream.


    For download

    x

    Help

    Search / advanced search of the idw archives
    Combination of search terms

    You can combine search terms with and, or and/or not, e.g. Philo not logy.

    Brackets

    You can use brackets to separate combinations from each other, e.g. (Philo not logy) or (Psycho and logy).

    Phrases

    Coherent groups of words will be located as complete phrases if you put them into quotation marks, e.g. “Federal Republic of Germany”.

    Selection criteria

    You can also use the advanced search without entering search terms. It will then follow the criteria you have selected (e.g. country or subject area).

    If you have not selected any criteria in a given category, the entire category will be searched (e.g. all subject areas or all countries).