idw – Informationsdienst Wissenschaft
Nachrichten, Termine, Experten
Nachrichten, Termine, Experten
Abstract: The selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) is important for support of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) function and thus for Trx1-dependent processes in the promotion of cell viability and proliferation, antioxidant defense and redox modulation of signaling pathways. Several observations furthermore suggest that TrxR1 may also modulate signaling events through pathways not necessarily related to Trx1. Rare splice variants of TrxR1 are directed to specific subcellular compartments, including the cell membrane, upon N-terminal myristoylation and palmitoylation. Moreover, several anticancer agents, including cisplatin, inhibit TrxR1 and promote the formation of a prooxidant derivative of the enzyme that lacks Trx1-reducing capacity but gains toxic NADPH oxidase activities. Cisplatin treatment of cells also triggers covalent crosslinks of TrxR1 with either Trx1 or thioredoxin-related protein of 14 kDa (TRP14). TRP14, identified previously by others as a Trx-fold protein lacking activities with typical Trx1 substrates, was recently found to reactivate phosphoprotein phosphatase PTP1B and to be an efficient L-cystine reductase and S-denitrosylase. Finally, conditional knockout of TrxR1 in mouse liver yields a metabolic switch, with increased preference of glycogen over lipid synthesis, which was recently further confirmed in cellular model systems. These and other observations collectively suggest that TrxR1 exerts several key functions in modulation of cellular signaling pathways, which should have relevance for redox balance in normal physiology, as well as for the understanding and treatment of diseases linked to an unbalanced redox control.
Information on participating / attending:
Interessierte sind herzlich eingeladen!
Organisation: Anett Stolte, Koordinatorin des GRK1947
Institut für Physik, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 6, 17489 Greifswald
Tel. 03834 86-4436, anett.stolte1@uni-greifswald.de
Date:
12/05/2014 14:00 - 12/05/2014 15:00
Event venue:
SR D213
Institut für Biochemie
Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4
17489 Greifswald
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Germany
Target group:
Scientists and scholars, Students
Relevance:
transregional, national
Subject areas:
Chemistry
Types of events:
Presentation / colloquium / lecture
Entry:
11/12/2014
Sender/author:
Sabine Köditz
Department:
Presse- und Informationsstelle
Event is free:
no
Language of the text:
German
URL of this event: http://idw-online.de/en/event49141
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