Gold/Titandioxid-Katalysator in Aktion: Ein Sauerstoffmolekül (O2, kleine dunkelblaue Kugeln) wird an der Grenzfläche zwischen einem Goldpartikel (Au, gold) und Titandioxid (TiO2, rot und hellblau) durch Ladungstransfer aktiviert und damit katalytisch wirksam. Dadurch kann Methanol (CH3OH) effizient und selektiv zu Formaldehyd (CH2O) oxidiert werden; es entsteht auch Wasser (H2O). Den Ladungstransfer wiesen die Forscher experimentell durch das Schwingungsspektrum von adsorbiertem Kohlenmonoxid (CO) nach (Mitte): Eine neue Bande (CO@Au(delta+)O2(delta-) erscheint im Spektrum nur in Gegenwart von O2.
Grafik: M. Farnesi Camellone und D. Marx
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