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A comparison of apartment price trends by year of construction in Germany's largest cities reveals a notable pattern: While prices for new buildings have experienced a relatively modest decline from their peak, the value of existing properties has fallen by more than twice as much. This finding comes from a comprehensive data analysis conducted by the German Real Estate Index (Greix), a project of ECONtribute and the Kiel Institute. In cooperation with local real estate expert committees, transaction prices of German residential real estate are tracked using state-of-the-art scientific methods. All data for 18 German cities and their suburbs are freely available at https://greix.de/.
A recent analysis of the German Real Estate Index (Greix) shows that prices for new apartments in the country's top 7 cities (Berlin, Duesseldorf, Frankfurt a. M., Hamburg, Cologne, Munich, Stuttgart) have experienced a relatively moderate decline of 5.5 percent on average compared to their peak levels.
Beginning in 2018, new building prices saw a robust increase of 45 percent by Q3 2022. This growth slowed to 37 percent in Q2 2023. This means that prices of new buildings in the past quarter roughly matched the levels seen at the beginning of last year.
The slump is much more pronounced for existing properties in the top 7 cities, subdivided into construction years before and from 1950. Prices for both classic old buildings and apartments built after World War II peaked as early as Q2 2022, and for both segments sales prices were down a good 12 percent in Q2 2023. Thus, prices returned to levels seen at the start of 2021.
“Prices of new apartments have shown resilience in the face of significant market price declines,” says Jonas Zdrzalek, lead researcher at Greix. “This could be attributed to sellers' reluctance to discount prices. Also, sales prices are often pre-negotiated before project completion, so interest rate increases may not be fully reflected in current prices. Moreover, the supply of newly constructed apartments has significantly decreased, and the few projects that are being carried out are typically very expensive.”
The Greix data highlights a substantial decline in market activity. The number of apartments sold in the top 7 has plummeted by over 50 percent quarter-on-quarter compared with the boom phase in 2021. This decline is particularly pronounced in the new construction sector, where the number of sales has dropped by over 80 percent. Transactions for all construction years have been in a steady decline since 2022.
Due to the relatively low number of transactions, evaluating real estate prices by the year of construction for individual cities currently yields highly volatile results. Therefore, this data is aggregated solely for all top 7 cities. Data for Munich is available only up to Q1 2023.
Already on August 3rd, Greix data for the 2nd quarter of 2023 was released, including data for individual cities (Greix: Real estate prices in Germany stabilize/https://www.ifw-kiel.de/publications/news/greix-real-estate-prizes-in-germany-st...).
The report reveals that real estate prices have stabilized compared to the previous quarter Q1 2023. Apartments experienced only a slight decrease of -0.3 percent. Single-family houses (+2.4 percent) and multi-family houses (+1.8 percent) have even seen increases. Particularly in Berlin and Cologne prices have already started to rise again. However, compared to the same quarter in the prior year (Q2 2022), all segments have witnessed significant declines.
The real estate prices for Q3 2023 will be made available in early November 2023.
About the Greix:
What is the Greix?
The Greix is a real estate price index for Germany based on the sales price collection of the local expert committees, which contains notarized sales prices. It tracks the price development of individual cities and neighborhoods back to 1960 and is based on more than two million transaction data. The dataset can be used to analyze long-term trends in the real estate markets and to place current developments in a historical context.
What data and methods are used to create the indices?
The data collection and evaluation take place in cooperation with the local expert committees. All real estate transactions are recorded in full. The price development is calculated according to the latest scientific standards and statistical methods (hedonic regression method). The Greix thus stands for the highest scientific data quality.
Who finances the Greix?
Greix is financed by public funding and is a project of the Bonn-Cologne Cluster of Excellence ECONtribute, which is funded by the DFG, and the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, in cooperation with the local expert committees. Its aim is to increase price transparency in the real estate market. Different price indices for 18 cities are freely accessible at www.greix.de. Additional cities will gradually be added to the data set.
Media Contact:
Mathias Rauck
Press Officer
T +49 431 8814-411
mathias.rauck@ifw-kiel.de
Kiel Institute for the World Economy
Kiellinie 66 | 24105 Kiel | Germany
T +49 431 8814-774
E info@ifw-kiel.de
www.ifw-kiel.de
Jonas Zdrzalek
ECONtribute
+49 221 470 4244
zdrzalek@wiso.uni-koeln.de
Francisco Osswald do Amaral
ECONtribute
+49 228 73-60143
francisco.amaral@uni-bonn.de
Price Development Apartments by Construction Year
Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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