Oligodendrozyten produzieren eine Art körpereigenes Isolierband: Sichtbar sind jeweils die Kerne der Zellen in grün und die vielen Verästelungen, wobei die rote Färbung den Ausreifungszustand der Isolierbandspender darstellt. Viele rote Verzweigungen zu haben bedeutet, ausgereift zu sein. Wenige Verzweigungen sind dagegen auf eine gehinderte Ausreifung zurückzuführen. GPR17 wirkt wie ein Knopf: Wenn man ihn drückt, wird die Ausreifung der Oligodendrozyten blockiert (Bild oben). Umgekehrt wird die Ausreifung gefördert, wenn dieser Schalter aus ist.
Foto: Haibo Wang & Richard Lu/University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center
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