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Together with colleagues from the ETH Zürich, scientists at the Helmholtz Zentrum München and the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have developed a software that allows observing cells for weeks while also measuring molecular properties. The software is freely available and has now been introduced in 'Nature Biotechnology'.
Certain questions in modern cell biology can only be answered by specifically observing the fate of individual cells. For example, researchers are interested in how stem cells develop into other cell types. Since in some cases such processes take several days to complete, the analysis with standard methods, which often measure only a single time point of the process, is not adequate.
A solution to this problem are time-lapse microscopy movies. They consist of many individual images that allow an approximately continuous observation of individual cells. But the recording and analysis of these movies is not trivial: "On the one hand, it is necessary to take enough images in order not to lose track of the cells, while on the other hand, this results in enormous data quantities, in some cases with millions of images," reports Prof. Fabian Theis as he explains the previous dilemma. "The idea was consequently to make this emerging big data utilizable for science."
Theis holds the Chair of Mathematical Modeling of Biological Systems at the Technical University of Munich and is Director of the Institute of Computational Biology (ICB) at the Helmholtz Zentrum München. He led the study together with Prof. Dr. Timm Schroeder from the Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE) at the ETH Zürich, which is headquartered in Basel.
Software available online
Schroeder himself conducted research at the Helmholtz Zentrum München until 2013 and has been investigating the dynamics of stem cells for some time. And so he knew perfectly well what the new software should be able to do: "We put together two separate packages: a manual tracking tool and a semi-automatic quantification tool for individual cell analyses in time-lapse microscopy movies. The two together allow measurements of properties such as the length of the cell cycle, the expression dynamics of certain proteins, and correlations of these properties between sister cells."
As far as the scientists are concerned, the new possibilities that these programs offer should be available to as many researchers around the world as possible. Therefore the software is freely available, and can be downloaded from this link.
Link: www.bsse.ethz.ch/csd/software/ttt-and-qtfy.html
Technical obstacles were removed as far as possible. "Our focus was on making the application also available to researchers who do not have background IT know-how," Schroeder explains. And the application appears to work well: Two high-ranking publications can be traced back to the spyware for cells.
Original Publication:
Hilsenbeck, O. & Schwarzfischer, M. & Skylaki S. et al.; A software for single-cell quantification of cellular and molecular dynamics in long-term time-lapse microscopy,
Nature Biotechnology, 34, 703–706 (2016) – DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3626
Link: http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v34/n7/full/nbt.3626.html
Publications based on the new Software:
A. Filipczyk, et. al., Network plasticity of pluripotency transcription factors in embryonic stem cells. Nature Cell Biology, Oct 17, 2015, (10) 1235-46 – DOI: 10.1038/ncb3237
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26389663
P. Hoppe, et. al., Early myeloid lineage choice is not initiated by random PU.1 to GATA1 protein ratios. Nature, 535, 299–302, July 14, 2016 – DOI: 10.1038/nature18320
Link: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v535/n7611/full/nature18320.html
Contact:
Prof. Dr. Dr. Fabian J. Theis
Technical University of Munich
Mathematical modeling of biological systems
Boltzmannstr. 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
Tel.: +49 89 289 18386 – E-Mail: theis@mytum.de
Helmholtz-Zentrum München
Institute of Computational Biology
Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
Tel.: +49 89 3187 2211 - icb.office@helmholtz-muenchen.de
Internet: http://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/icb
http://www.bsse.ethz.ch/csd/software/ttt-and-qtfy.html - Link to the software
http://www.tum.de/en/about-tum/news/press-releases/short/article/33269/ - Link to the press release
A new software enables tracking and quantification of single cells
Source: Image: Carsten Marr / TUM/HMGU
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