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The perpetrator left shoe prints and tire tracks can also be seen. The forensics
usually casts such impressions with plaster - a lengthy procedure that also destroys
the trace. Using a portable 3D scanner from Fraunhofer IOF, such traces
can now be secured non-destructively within seconds. The new "3DF scanner"
will be presented at the GPEC police equipment trade fair from 18 to 20th February
of 2020 in Frankfurt/Main (Hall 11.1, Stand E120).
If the police commissioner in TV crime series finds a corpse, the forensic collects DNA traces, secures fingerprints, takes photos and casts shoe prints, tire tracks or other traces with plaster. The actual securing of evidence of the criminal investigation department works in a similar way. However, the information content of photos is limited - for example, it is not possible to derive any depth information from them. Even the
plastering of shoe prints and the like has its limits: On one hand, the trace is destroyed
after plastering. On the other hand, the plaster needs time to harden, especially in a
wet or cold environment it hardens only with difficulty.
The portable "3DF scanner" makes it possible to secure the tracks easily, quickly and
without destruction. It was developed by researchers from the Fraunhofer Institute for
Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF together with industrial partners. "The
scanner records the tracks in three dimensions" says Roland Ramm, a scientist at Fraunhofer IOF. "At only 4.3 kilograms, it is very light, battery-powered and robust against
weather and temperature. Besides, it works without contact, so the trace is still intact
after scanning." The device can reliably detect even the smallest features, its resolution
is below 200 micrometers. Because more important than the shoe size or brand, for
example, are small scratches in the shoe profile, which the criminal investigation department can use to assign a shoe print to a specific shoe.
In everyday life, the examination with the scanner looks like this: The forensics holds
the device over the trace, for example, the shoe print, and starts the recording. At the
same time, a camera attached to the scanner takes a photo. A few seconds later the
user sees a preview image on the integrated display. On this the user can see whether
the image section fits, the image is sharp and already receives the first results. The detailed evaluation follows in the laboratory because it is usually carried out by other
colleagues, such as trassologists. Here, for example, the length of an imprint or the
depth of the shoe profile can be analyzed, and comparisons can be made with traces
from other crime scenes or a perpetrator.
To measure the tracks three-dimensionally, the researchers have relied on the pattern
projection. Each of the two cameras, which look at the track from slightly different
angles, take an image, while a small projector beams a stripe pattern onto the track.
Geometric statements can be made based on the deformation of the beamed pattern.
The measurement uncertainty is only 20 to 100 micrometers. The validity of the data is
thus at least as high - if not higher - than that of data obtained from plastering.
Presentation at the GPEC trade fair in Frankfurt
In the meantime, the device is marketed by the Italian company Gexcel, which also
offers the appropriate evaluation software. Interested police authorities can also borrow
the portable 3D scanner from Fraunhofer IOF for test purposes. At the "General
Police Equipment Exhibition & Conference GPEC" trade fair in Frankfurt am Main from
February 18 to 20, 2020, Fraunhofer IOF researchers will present the "3DF Scanner"
(Hall 11.1, Stand E120). Visitors will be able to try out the device live on various tracks,
and the evaluation software from Gexcel can also be tested using data from simulated
crime scenes.
Contact:
Roland Ramm
Roland.Ramm@iof.fraunhofer.de
Phone +49 3641 807-213
https://www.iof.fraunhofer.de/en/pressrelease/2020/3D-forensic-scanner.html
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