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The expression “less is more” is often used figuratively, but Constructor University Professor of Electrical Engineering Giuseppe Freitas de Abreu believes using next to nothing could unlock wireless communication speeds beyond anything possible today. In a ground-breaking new project, Professor Abreu and his research team at Constructor University are combining quantum computing technology with an approach called “Hyper-Dimensional Sparse Modulation” (HDSM) to design extremely efficient communication networks capable of transferring massive amounts of data using quite literally nothing – or the notion of nothingness – as a key resource.
As network-crowding, ballooning energy demands and diminishing gains from conventional technology threaten to flatline communication advancements for the first time in modern history, Project QUBYSM could rewrite the rulebook and fundamentally change the relationship between power and performance in wireless communications systems. QUBYSM has been awarded three years of funding from the German Research Foundation (DFG).
At its core, Project QUBYSM addresses a simple yet ominous dilemma facing wireless networks today: the constant demand for more data and faster signals in a world of finite resources. The classical computing technology that has reliably fueled advancements to-date –such as “Moore’s law,” which has successfully predicted the doubling of computer processing power every two years – is showing signs of diminishing and could conceivably fail to satisfy our insatiable demand within the foreseeable future. Combined with real-world challenges around growing energy consumption and resource scarcity, wireless systems may feasibly reach a point where progress can no longer be achieved through stronger processors or more elaborate algorithms alone. It must come from a fundamental rethinking of how to maximize the use of available resources.
Professor de Abreu and his team believe the key lies in the concept of Hyper-Dimensional Sparse Modulation (HDSM), an approach that redefines efficiency by turning the absence of a resource into a new, usable resource. Take for example a communication system that operates on a finite range of resources such as a band of frequencies. Conventionally, as more information is sent, more frequencies are used or occupied until the network crowds and eventually reaches capacity. However, a system designed on HDSM principles might send information by turning on only a few of these frequencies at one time. What matters is the pattern: which parts of the system are active, and critically, which parts are deliberately left off at any given moment. These resulting pattern choices form an intricate “language” that enables the system to send exponentially greater amounts of information using only a fraction of the total resources available.
Post-doctoral Research Associate and Project QUBYSM team member Dr. Hyeon Seok Rou likened the concept to a piano, where each key conveys a piece of musical information, as does the timing, duration, intensity and so forth of each note. “You might then play several keys concurrently to form chords and harmonics, resulting in a polyphony of information. Not only does the way each key is played with each other carry information, but the keys left unplayed are also contributing to the sum of musical information being communicated,” he said, revealing how much expressive capacity can be held, even in a sparse selection. The true potential of HDSM emerges when you compound the available resources. “Now imagine a room full of pianos representing all the communication resources available, such as antennas, time slots, wave form shapes and such. Each resource adds another dimension to the language, and the number of possible combinations at any moment grows explosively,” he said. “While the resulting ‘music’ might be too dissonant and chaotic for our human ears, from a systems perspective it represents staggering amounts of information being transmitted and received.”
The immense complexity that is possible using an HDSM system actually poses an additional challenge, since transmitting such a complex “language,” let alone receiving and deciphering it in real-time, can easily exceed the processing power of even the most powerful classical computers. However, Professor de Abreu and his team believe quantum computing could solve this problem, as quantum systems excel at precisely the type of multi-dimensional processing an HDSM system requires. Professor de Abreu and his team believe it may already be possible with present-day quantum computing technology to fully tap into the potential of HDSM. One goal of Project QUBYSM is to prototype quantum-accelerated mechanisms for both transmitter and receiver design, to build a bridge between the theoretical model and real-world technology capable of supporting it. A successful outcome could lay the groundwork for exponential gains in efficiency and capacity that open new, transformative possibilities for future wireless systems, from 6G to immersive worlds and sensory applications like autonomous vehicles or remote surgery that require real-time data transfer with virtually zero latency.
Professor Dr. Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu (centre) and the Project QUBYSM team at Constructor U ...
Quelle: Constructor University
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Journalisten, Wirtschaftsvertreter, Wissenschaftler
Elektrotechnik, Informationstechnik, Physik / Astronomie
überregional
Forschungsprojekte
Englisch
Professor Dr. Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu (centre) and the Project QUBYSM team at Constructor U ...
Quelle: Constructor University
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