idw – Informationsdienst Wissenschaft
Nachrichten, Termine, Experten
Nachrichten, Termine, Experten
Despite the halt of US support, the total volume of aid allocated to Ukraine remained relatively stable in 2025, primarily due to the markedly expanded support from Europe. European military aid rose by 67 percent above the 2022–2024 average, while non-military aid increased by 59 percent. Military aid is increasingly borne by only a small number of countries, while financial aid now mainly comes from EU institutions. These are among the key findings in the latest data update and Kiel Policy Brief of the Ukraine Support Tracker, covering data through December 2025.
In 2025, European aid increased notably, with military aid allocation rising by 67 percent and financial and humanitarian aid by 59 percent compared to the annual average between 2022 and 2024. Because of the full withdrawal of the US, however, total military aid allocations to Ukraine in 2025 was 13 percent below the annual average between 2022 and 2024. The decline in humanitarian and financial aid allocation was smaller, at around -5 percent compared to the past three years, with overall volumes remaining above the levels recorded in 2022 and 2023 (all figures inflation-adjusted).
The EU Commission has become the dominant financial donor
Behind the overall increase in European engagement lie several structural shifts. The bulk of additional financial and humanitarian aid is now provided through EU institutions and their mechanisms. The share of EU-level financial and humanitarian aid allocations grew from around 50 percent in 2022 to almost 90 percent in 2025 (EUR 35.1 billion).
“The new 90 billion EUR loan agreed on in late 2025 is part of a general trend. Ukraine’s growing budgetary needs are now largely financed through EU-level loans and grants,” says Christoph Trebesch, Head of the Ukraine Support Tracker. “This growing reliance on multilateral, EU-level aid means that Ukraine support is more fairly distributed across the EU, namely in line with each country’s GDP share in the bloc. However, this pattern is only observable for financial aid, while military aid still requires bilateral donations of individual member states, and we see far less burden sharing there.”
European military aid concentrates on a small number of countries
The increase in European military aid is increasingly concentrated on a small number of countries, especially in Western and Northern Europe. Western European aid rebounded after a downturn in 2023 and reached 62 percent of total European military aid allocations in 2025. This recovery was driven primarily by the region’s largest economies: Germany and the United Kingdom alone accounted for around two thirds of Western Europe’s military aid between 2022 and 2025. Northern Europe is the second key donor region, with its share rising from 18 percent in 2022 to 36 percent in 2023 and remaining at a high level thereafter.
By contrast, Eastern and Southern Europe steadily reduced their contributions between 2022 and 2025: in Eastern Europe, the share fell from 17 percent in 2022 to just 2 percent in 2025; in Southern Europe it declined over the same period from 7 to 3 percent.
“The increase in European military aid in 2025 shows growing disparities, with a few countries doing ever more,” Trebesch adds. “In 2025, Northern Europe provided around one third of Europe’s military aid despite accounting for only 8 percent of GDP among the 31 European donors covered in the Tracker, Western Europe contributed roughly in line with its economic size, while Southern Europe remains a small donor despite representing 19 percent of GDP.”
For more in-depth analysis on these trends and further insights into the evolution of Ukraine support over the past four years see our new Kiel Policy Brief: “Europe Steps Up: Ukraine Support: After Four Years of War” (https://www.kielinstitut.de/publications/europe-steps-up-ukraine-support-after-f...).
About the Ukraine Support Tracker
The Ukraine Support Tracker lists and quantifies military, financial, and humanitarian aid pledged to Ukraine since January 24, 2022 (currently through December 2025). It covers 40 countries, specifically the EU member states, other members of the G7, as well as Australia, South Korea, Turkey, Norway, New Zealand, Switzerland, China, Taiwan, and India. Also, EU institutions are included as a separate donor. The tracker lists government-to-government commitments; private donations or those from international organizations such as the IMF are not included in the main database. Flows going into other countries like, for example, Moldova, are not included.
With regard to sources, the database combines official government sources with information from international media. Aid provided in kind, such as medical supplies, food, or military equipment, is quantified on the basis of market prices or information from previous crises involving government aid. In case of doubt, upper bounds of prices are used.
The Ukraine Support Tracker is constantly being expanded, corrected, and improved. Suggestions are very welcome and can be sent to ukrainetracker@kielinstitut.de.
More information and detailed data can be found on this webpage: Ukraine Support Tracker (https://www.kielinstitut.de/topics/war-against-ukraine/ukraine-support-tracker/).
For more information on the Ukraine Support Tracker methodology, read this working paper (https://www.kielinstitut.de/de/publikationen/the-ukraine-support-tracker-which-c...).
Media Contact:
Elisabeth Radke
Head of Outreach
T +49 431 8814-598
elisabeth.radke@kielinstitut.de
Kiel Institute for the World Economy
Kiel Office
Kiellinie 66
24105 Kiel
Germany
Berlin Office
Chausseestraße 111
10115 Berlin
Germany
Contact
+49 431 8814-1
www.kielinstitut.de
Prof. Dr. Christoph Trebesch
Vice President and Director
International Finance
T +49 431 8814-577
christoph.trebesch@kielinstitut.de
Aid allocation to Ukraine
Financial an humanitarian aid: Trends across Europe
Military aid: Trends across Europe
Merkmale dieser Pressemitteilung:
Journalisten, Wirtschaftsvertreter, Wissenschaftler
Gesellschaft, Politik, Wirtschaft
überregional
Forschungs- / Wissenstransfer
Englisch
Aid allocation to Ukraine
Financial an humanitarian aid: Trends across Europe
Sie können Suchbegriffe mit und, oder und / oder nicht verknüpfen, z. B. Philo nicht logie.
Verknüpfungen können Sie mit Klammern voneinander trennen, z. B. (Philo nicht logie) oder (Psycho und logie).
Zusammenhängende Worte werden als Wortgruppe gesucht, wenn Sie sie in Anführungsstriche setzen, z. B. „Bundesrepublik Deutschland“.
Die Erweiterte Suche können Sie auch nutzen, ohne Suchbegriffe einzugeben. Sie orientiert sich dann an den Kriterien, die Sie ausgewählt haben (z. B. nach dem Land oder dem Sachgebiet).
Haben Sie in einer Kategorie kein Kriterium ausgewählt, wird die gesamte Kategorie durchsucht (z.B. alle Sachgebiete oder alle Länder).
