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"remoweld®FLEX" technology by Fraunhofer IWS makes nonweldable
materials weldable
Fraunhofer engineers from Dresden have developed a
new laser welding process employing a fast oscillating laser beam. This
technology, known as "remoweld®FLEX", is suitable for particularly demanding
processes – especially for components to be sealed media-tight against water
and other undesirable environmental influences. These include housings for
electrical and electronic components, heat exchangers and coolings, which have
previously been regarded as hardly weldable and often consist of die-cast
aluminum. The Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS and
Maschinenfabrik Arnold from Ravensburg were both involved in the research
development.
Dr. Dirk Dittrich, who heads the Laser Beam Welding group at the Fraunhofer IWS, is
convinced that the new welding heads from Dresden are interesting for many
application scenarios. If, for example, electric automobile construction can seal cooling
water circuits close to the engine with high-strength laser welding seams instead of
screws and plastic in the future, this should significantly improve the service life and
reliability of engine cooling systems.
Unruly aluminum die cast parts
The new process is recommended wherever hard-to-weld materials are used, and
where components previously had to be sealed only by entirely conventional means –
and in some cases still by hand. One example is the production of electric cars. In these
vehicles, batteries and other electrical control devices have to be cooled. However, the
electrical system must not come into contact with the cooling water, otherwise short
circuits will occur. For this reason, control units are often protected by housings made
of lightweight die-cast aluminum. After assembly, they are encapsulated by screwed-on
covers and plastic seals. Although this is laborious, it could hardly have been solved
otherwise. Die-cast aluminum could not be welded reliably enough to be watertight.
This is due to gas-filled cavities in the die-cast aluminum. When a classic laser cuts
these "cavities", the effect is similar to an abruptly opened balloon: the enclosed gas
suddenly escapes from the cavity and simultaneously ejects the molten metal just
produced by the laser. If the seam cools down in this state, defects remain. Water
could eventually reach the electrical system through such small leaks.
Precise laser beam moves rapidly
IWS developers have found a way to weld such cast aluminum parts safely and in a
watertight way: In the "remoweld®FLEX" processing head, a small diameter beam of
only about one tenth of a millimeter moves rapidly over the material. Dr. Dirk Dittrich
explains that this could be imagined as using a precision needle instead of a coarse
torch. This "light needle" oscillates several thousand times per second in the molten
bath: The ESL2-100 module, a system technology developed at the Fraunhofer IWS to
integrate laser scanners directly into the system control (PLC), directs the movement
precisely and quickly oscillating along the desired contours. The result is a very uniform
and, above all, watertight weld seam.
"We have thus developed a very attractive solution for medium-sized automotive
suppliers and many other industrial customers," the group manager is convinced. The
solution was achieved by a well-coordinated interaction of laser scanners, mirror optics,
real-time controls and other system components. In addition, the laser modules provide
flexible expansion options. For example, they can be coupled with high-speed cameras
for real-time quality control. The system also records numerous sensor data during the
welding process, providing further potential for optimization.
Important step towards “Industrie 4.0” and digitization
In this respect, the "remoweld®FLEX" technology is also an important step towards
industry 4.0: "Laser welding processes enable a very high degree of automation
compared, for example, to screwing", explains Dirk Dittrich. This closes digitization
gaps in production. For example, it is difficult to translate the operator’s work steps
trying to manually seal a connection pipe into computer-comprehensible values. A laser
welding head, however, works digitally anyway.
On the other hand, users can obtain digital component files from the read-out process
data. These detailed electronic documentations are in ever-increasing demand in more
and more industries: in order to be able to handle later recourse claims in the event of
defects and to achieve consistently high manufacturing quality in mass production."
Huge progress is possible here thanks to our procedures," estimates the group
manager.
Dr. Dirk Dittrich
Group manager Laser Beam Welding
Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkstoff- und Strahltechnik IWS
dirk.dittrich@iws.fraunhofer.de
Phone +49 351 83391-3228
Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden
www.iws.fraunhofer.de
https://www.iws.fraunhofer.de/en/pressandmedia/press_releases/2019/presseinforma...
The Fraunhofer IWS technology known as "remoweld®FLEX" is suitable for particularly demanding
Quelle: © Fraunhofer IWS Dresden
The new welding heads from Dresden are interesting for many application scenarios. If, for
Quelle: © Fraunhofer IWS Dresden
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Englisch
The Fraunhofer IWS technology known as "remoweld®FLEX" is suitable for particularly demanding
Quelle: © Fraunhofer IWS Dresden
The new welding heads from Dresden are interesting for many application scenarios. If, for
Quelle: © Fraunhofer IWS Dresden
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